What is Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar Disorder (or Manic-Depressive Illness) is a mental illness that is characterized by unusual mood, energy and activity level shifts.

Bipolar disorder is generally found in family lines. Some research shows that some with specific genetic traits are more likely to develop bipolar disorder. This is why children of a bipolar parent (or a brother or sister of one with bipolar disorder) are far more likely to develop it. Fortunately, most with bipolar disorder in their family histories will not develop it.

Symptoms are usually intense, and greatly differ from the normal ups and downs of life.

Sufferers experience heightened emotional states that are drastic compared to their usual state. These can last during specific periods of time, called "mood episodes." When they are really happy or overexcited, it is said that they are experiencing a "manic episode." When they are very sad or depressed, they are experiencing a "depressive episode." Sometimes, they may exhibit tendencies of both moods, or have a "mixed state" For example, they may feel depressed while also feeling extremely energized.

Mood episodes are often accompanied by drastic changes in mood, energy and behavioral states:

Manic Episodes Include:	Depressive Episodes Include:
Mood Changes Feeling "high," overly happy or outgoing Irritability Behavioral Changes Fast talking, shifting from one idea to another, racing thoughts Easily distracted Over-enthusiasm to take on new projects Restlessness; sleeping little or insomnia Holding illogical beliefs in one's abilities or having high-risk behaviors Impulsiveness	Mood Changes Feeling sad or hopeless for extended periods of time Disinterest in activities once enjoyed, including sex. Behavioral Changes Feeling tired Difficulty concentrating, remembering, and making decisions Restlessness Irritability Changes in eating, sleeping, or other habits Thinking of (or even attempting) suicide

Swings: Even when mood swings are less extreme, bipolar disorder can be manifesting. For instance, bipolar disorder sufferers may feel well, are highly productive and functioning well. Although the person may feel that everything is fine, family and friends can sense the mood swings. This state is called "hypomania," a less severe form of mania. Those with hypomania must receive proper treatment, or else they may develop severe mania or depression.

Psychotic Symptoms: Sufferers may also exhibit psychotic symptoms that tend to reflect their mood, like hallucinations or delusions. For instance, those experiencing a manic episode may believe they are a famous person, are rich or have superpowers. Those with a depressive episode may believe they are hopelessly poor, or are a criminal. This explains why some with bipolar disorder are sometimes misdiagnosed with schizophrenia.

Substance Abuse: Those with bipolar disorder may also abuse alcohol or drugs, have trouble with relationships, or have school or work performance issues. It's often hard to recognize these symptoms as signs of a bipolar disorder.

Duration: Manic and depressive symptoms usually manifest for the duration of the person's life. Between episodes, sufferers can display little or no symptoms, while others may have lingering symptoms.

Although there are many effective ways to obtain relief, many former bipolar disorder sufferers now live a life free of bipolar disorder. Others have embraced solutions which enhance their ability to manage their condition.

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